Electric Vehicles in the 21st Century: Historical Evolution, Environmental Impact, and Safety Challenges for Sustainable Mobility

Abstract

Electric vehicles are currently one of the most promising and relevant alternative modes of transport that help significantly reduce dependence on fossil energy sources such as petroleum products, as well as reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, which in turn has a positive effect on the environment. The article examines in detail the history of the emergence and evolution of electric vehicles, from their first models to modern high-tech solutions. It also analyzes the reasons why electric vehicles began to displace cars with internal combustion engines at the beginning of the 20th century, including technological, economic and environmental factors that influenced consumer choice. In addition, the article highlights the reasons for the growing popularity of electric vehicles in our time, including increased awareness of environmental issues and climate change, as well as the development of charging infrastructure and support for electric vehicles. However, along with the benefits, the use of electric vehicles is also associated with certain dangers and risks that require careful study and the development of appropriate norms and regulations. This article focuses on key safety aspects, including the operation, maintenance and disposal of electric vehicles, as well as the environmental sustainability of their production and use. In this way, the article provides a comprehensive analysis of current trends in the field of electric mobility, highlighting both its positive aspects and potential challenges that need to be addressed to achieve a sustainable future.