AI in Smart Cities: A Review of Urban Data Processing, Prediction, and Optimization Techniques

Abstract

Rapid advancement in the information and communication technologies ICs has recently provided new techniques for processing and analyzing the current data sources in smart cities. Various technologies for distributing cities to build them more livable, efficient, intelligent, sustainable and resilient. Intelligent and efficient data processing models for machine vision smart cities applications include intelligent detecting systems to monitor vehicle speeds and flow and pedestrian movements in roads and walkways. Smart and efficient storage and retrieval models for processing massive video data in the cloud for vehicle and traffic law monitoring in video surveillance and transportation systems are also discussed. Imaging and recognition-based models for analyzing the currently prevalent image data in cities are also reviewed, including deep learning-based fire recognition systems for smart fire prevention and manhole cover detection systems in the roadway and street monitoring. There is also a noteworthy review of prediction models for flow data in smart cities to anticipate traffic congestion and pedestrian movement trends. In addition, there are optimization models applied in smart cities, including intelligent routing models and path planning for vehicle navigation in logistics/distribution and delivery systems [1].

The above family of models are mainly adapted to smart mobility and pedestrian application domains. However, there are also various researchers working on data processing models in other urban domains, either independently or in an integrated manner with transportation. Numerous smart city platforms in the markets for data management and integration with diverse applications have also been reviewed. It is promising to deliver a relatively comprehensive review of urban data processing models with various techniques for different application domains. Smart cities have been subjected to rapid growth and therefore have become a major trend in the development of smart environments. Smart cities aim to improve the livability of urban settlements, enhance sustainability, and reduce operational costs. The smart city concept is expected to be of enormous benefit and it has been embraced by major cities around the world. However, the vision value of smart cities can only be fully realized through the successful integration of cutting-edge technologies and promising urban management models.